Here, the National Savings Certificate (NSC), a savings bond for savings on income tax, is subject to exclusion. The M2 measure of the money supply includes all the components of the M1 measure of the money supply and saving deposits with post office saving banks. From 1977 to 1998, RBI used four monetary aggregates – M1, M2, M3 and M4 – to measure money supply. The central bank also used the concept of Reserve Money. L1 – NM3 + All deposits with the post office savings banks (excluding National Savings Certificates).

A decrease in the money supply will have the opposite impact. Thus, its management becomes an essential requirement for achieving economic development and price stability. Analyzing the money supply from time to time helps economists to develop appropriate fiscal policies. These policies then assist in dealing with undesirable levels of inflation or deflation. In the money supply statistics, central bank money is M0 while the commercial bank money is divided up into the M1-M3 components. You can read more about the old monetary aggregates in the ClearIAS article on the money supply.

View India’s India Money Supply: Deposit Money from Mar 1951 to Oct 2018 in the chart:

Monetary aggregates are the measures of the money supply in a country. The money supply is the total value of money available in an economy at a point of time. The money supply refers to all the currency and liquid instruments in a country’s economy. However, the opposite can occur if the money supply falls or when its growth rate declines.

This measure of the money supply is also known as the monetary base and high-powered money. The M4 measure of the money supply includes all the components of the m3 money supply india M3 measure of the money supply. It also comprises the total deposits with post office saving banks.

New Monetary Aggregates

From 1977, RBI has been publishing four monetary aggregates – M1, M2, M3 and M4 – besides the reserve money. The working group on fiscal reforms under the guidance of late Professor Sukhamoy Chakravarty recommended using the M3 measure of the money supply for developing policies. In 1977, the Reserve Bank of India introduced four measures to estimate the total amount of money in the economy. Here, the term ‘public’ means those who make actual use of money, that is, households, firms and institutions.

India M3: Bank Credit to Commercial Sector

Time deposits are those deposits that have a specified period of term for maturity and interest rates. In addition to the above-specified measures, there is the Reserve money or the M0 measure of the money supply. It includes currency in possession of the public, deposits of banks with the RBI and cash reserves with the banks.

Trusted by the world’s leading financial institutions. The M3 measure is a broad concept and is also known as – aggregate monetary resources of the society. To distinguish new aggregates from old aggregates, RBI sometimes mentions new aggregates as NM0, NM1, NM2, and NM3. Select automatic updates to the data or a static time frame.

  • Public and private sector analysis is performed because of the money supply’s possible impacts on price level, inflation, and the business cycle.
  • To distinguish new aggregates from old aggregates, RBI sometimes mentions new aggregates as NM0, NM1, NM2, and NM3.
  • Thus, its management becomes an essential requirement for achieving economic development and price stability.
  • To understand the money supply in the economy RBI uses monetary aggregates like M0, M1, M2, M3 etc.
  • In India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI), measures the money supply and publishes it on a weekly or fortnight basis.

The M3 measure is the best indicator of cash flow in the economy. Because of having a direct relationship with the inflation rate, its analysis helps in creating adequate policies. The other measures are less likely to replace it, at least in India. They are just supplemental to this particular measure. The table below provides an overview of all the measures of the money supply. It is also known as transaction money as one can use it for making direct transactions.

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This article is written by Bhumika Dandona from School of Law, Sushant University, Gurgaon. This article deals with all the aspects of money supply in general and the M3 measure of the money supply in particular. In this article, we mainly concentrate on the new monetary aggregates. In India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI), measures the money supply and publishes it on a weekly or fortnight basis. L2 – L1 + +Term deposits with term lending institutions and refinancing institutions (FIs) + Term borrowing by FIs + Certificates of deposit issued by FIs. Access comprehensive financial data with unmatched coverage and precision.

Thus, determining the flow of money in the economy is crucial for boosting macroeconomic performance. L3 – L2 + + Public deposits of non-banking financial companies. Very often, the money supply in the economy is represented using a monetary aggregate called ‘broad money’, also denoted as M3.

India Money Supply: Post Office Savings Bank Deposits

M2 and M4 that included post office savings banks deposits. In India, the RBI influences money supply available to the public through the requirements placed on banks to hold reserves, how to extend credit and other regulations. Economists analyze the money supply and develop policies revolving around it through controlling interest rates and increasing or decreasing the amount of money flowing in the economy. Public and private sector analysis is performed because of the money supply’s possible impacts on price level, inflation, and the business cycle.

Related Data and Content

The government and the banking system are not a part of it because they produce money. Cash reserves held by them do not come into the circulation process. It is anything that people exchange for obtaining their basic requirements such as food and shelter etc. Money also adds to the efficiency of an economy by enabling smooth financial transactions.

  • Here, the National Savings Certificate (NSC), a savings bond for savings on income tax, is subject to exclusion.
  • In the money supply statistics, central bank money is M0 while the commercial bank money is divided up into the M1-M3 components.
  • These policies then assist in dealing with undesirable levels of inflation or deflation.
  • The central bank also used the concept of Reserve Money.

To understand the money supply in the economy RBI uses monetary aggregates like M0, M1, M2, M3 etc. India’s Money Supply M3 encompasses M2 in addition to long-term time deposits held within banks. What makes money supply of utmost importance is the fact that it regulates the growth of an economy. An increase in the money supply brings down the interest rates, which leads to a rise in investments by the people.